The Twin Track Approach In Sports Physical Education Essay

The Twin Track Approach In Sports Physical Education Essay With the profile of sport in England so high, and in light of the successful Olympic bid for 2012, the opportunity for participation in sport in this country has risen dramatically. The government recognises this opportunity and has always tried to link its self to sporting success, to help promote patriotism, social values and education. The game plan is a strategy for delivering the governments sport and physical activity objects. With the government setting an ambitious task of: increasing sport and physical activity. With the target of achieving 70% of the population participating in 30 minutes of moderate exercise, five times per week. (Sport development.info Oct 2009) The twin track approach in this country is designed to increase the number of people participating in sport on a regular basis. The assumption being that more people participating means the need for more modern facilities, with better coaches which will lead to more medals at elite levels and the country hosting more mega events. This report will show how the national governing body of gymnastics is tackling the challenge that the government has set them at grass-roots and elite levels of performance, as well as hosting mega events. British gymnastics British gymnastics is the UK governing body for gymnastics it is dedicated to developing levels and quality across a range of discipline. British gymnastics is a non profit organisation. Hundreds of thousands of young gymnasts enjoy the sport in school, recreational sessions at leisure centres and at British gymnastic registered clubs that complete the path way from beginner to Olympian. British gymnastics works along side, English gymnastics, sport England, sport UK, lottery funded and many more. (British gymnastics Oct 2009) Grass roots Gymnastics is a foundation sport, this is because it develops, speed, co-ordination, balance and agility. These physical qualities are inherent in most sports, for this reason all British children would benefit from this and most do in their first eight years. Participating in gymnastics from an early age, will acquire physical literacy, which is the foundation for a lifelong participation in physical activity and for a successful performance at elite level of sport. (Gymnastics England Oct 2009) National school games The new key stage 1 and 2 competitions, incorporates body management, floor and vault exercises to develop a young persons core skills. This not only strengthens the first tier of the gymnastics pathways but also: encourages partnerships to engage in gymnastics, strengthens school club links, encourages talent identification, standardises competition in schools, encourages an appropriate competitive environment is set, ensures an increase in the number of children accessing gymnastic competitions, provides a foundation for other sports, nurtures each young persons confidence to continue with an active life style. England gymnastics is working towards creating a single structure for gymnastic competitions in schools. England gymnastics have created an accessible standardised local gymnastic competition for beginners. The programme aims to provide safe enjoyment that will improve learning and lead to a lifelong participation in physical activity. (England gymnastics Nov 2009) The UK school games The UK school games is used to bring a change in the content, structure and presentation of competitive sporting opportunities for young people whilst promoting the work underway in each home nation to improve sport and physical education. The show case opportunity provided by this event offers opportunity to promote and secure change within existing competitive structures. It is used to involve more young people in volunteering in sport, create first class child protection and for identifying young sporting talent. Gymnasts competing in the games have developed through the talent development programmes and will hope to go on to represent their country at international level. The British gymnastics association is working with the schools association to implement national school completion framework to establish development pathways. (Gymnastics England Oct 2009) Schools that register with the British Gymnastic Association (BGA) are allowed to register their details and record levels and nature of participation in gymnastics in a school setting. Registration is free and schools receive the following benefits, e-news featuring profiles of gymnasts, expert ideas for warm ups, competition and judging advice, case studies, and success stories from other schools. Information about: professional development. Free preview resources. Access to: British gymnastics recourses. (British gymnastics Oct 2009) Government announces grassroots grants 2008 Grass root grants aim to make a real difference by working with small local community groups, with an annual income below  £20,000 this could be for new kit, coaching new volunteers, or simply just a lick of paint in the sports hall. Local regional and national businesses are invited through investing in the schemes innovative endowment match challenge, the first of its kind in England. The government has set aside a pot of  £50 million from which it will match endowment investments from businesses, this offers businesses the chance to support and contribute in the communities they operate. (British gymnastics Oct 2009) A commitment to sport The present government has been committed to the development of sport in school since 2000. The launch of the strategy a sporting future for all in 2000 included the following provision, funding for primary schools to provide facilities for pupils and the wider community, the establishment by 2003 of 110 specialist sports colleges, the appointment of 600 sports school co-ordinators and the development of more after school sport provision. Further allocations in funding in 2002 were followed in 2004 by an announcement that a further  £500 million was to invest in school sport for, the completion of the network 400 sports colleges, improving the quality of coaching provision, improving links between schools and sports clubs and training and developing PE/sports teachers skills. (Teaching experience Oct 2009) Development British gymnastics provides British gymnastics registered clubs with information to support their development. It identifies key areas that can help strengthen the club structure and philosophy programmes that can ensure the best environment is available for the gymnasts. (British gymnastics Nov 2009) Gym mark The introduction of sport Englands club mark has encouraged British gymnastics to adopt its own criteria to enable gymnastics clubs to work towards nationally recognised accreditation. Gym mark is British gymnastics club accreditation scheme that recognises a quality club. Gym mark addresses issues such as equality and child protection, which gives confidence to parents choosing a club for their children. Gym mark provides an excellent template for continuing club development, especially its junior structure. Gym mark also gives help and advice in developing skills for everyone including coaches, officials and volunteers. Clubs will be listed with relevant sports directory which will help attract new members and raise clubs profile. (British gymnastics Oct 2009) Coaching British gymnastics has a coach education programme in place to ensure enough fully qualified coaches provide the highest quality of coaching at all levels from grass roots to elite gymnasts to realise their full potential. British gymnastics is approved by the qualification and curriculum authority (QCA) as an awarding body for official gymnastic qualifications in the UK. (British gymnastics Oct 2009) English gymnastics has just been awarded a three year grant of  £2.14 million from Sport England to provide high quality coaches in its clubs throughout England. Clubs and other regional associations have come together and raised  £1.8 million to match the funding and maximise the benefits of the programme. (English gymnastics Nov 2009) Surveys Between March and May this year 45 funded sports including gymnastics were surveyed to measure levels of satisfaction in the individual sport. Over the next four years Sport England will be working with these sports to help improve quality of sporting provision to people in England. (Sport England Oct 2009) Gymnastics and movement for people with disabilities Gymnastics for people with disabilities is an adaptation of main stream gymnastics covering all aspects and can be recreational or lead to competitive opportunities; British gymnastics have been developing a programme for disabled gymnasts starting with motor skills for those with more severe mobility problems, and leading on to a foundation programme for the more able gymnasts. The disability groups can be split into four major areas; learning, physical, hearing and visual impairment. Currently a motor activity programme is being developed which will provide a frame work through which even the most profoundly disabled gymnasts can participate. A competitive programme has been established in artistic, tramp lining, rhythmic, acrobatic and aerobic gymnastics. (English gymnastics Nov 2009) Mega events With the government saying that hosting mega events, will heighten the profile of the sport, which in turn will increase participation, which will lead to better athletes and more medals. Britain has already got the 2012 Olympics, but in October 2009 the artistic world gymnastics championships were held in London for the first time, the championships brought together elite gymnasts from China, France, Korea, Croatia, Japan, USA, Romania, Poland, Spain, Germany, Ukraine, Great Britain, and many more counties, (world gymnastics 2009) The event was a great success for team GB as Beth Tweddle just four days after falling from her favoured uneven bars, won gold on the floor, having become Britains first ever world champion in 2006 on the un even bars Tweddle, became only the 5th woman in history to claim world titles in both events. Beth said I had to prove to myself that I was one of the best on the floor, it is the best feeling in the world. (Daily mail web site 2009) Winning medals Olympic and paralympic sport has come a long way in recent times, it typically takes athletes around eight years to reach their peak once their talent has been identified and nurtured, this involves lots of support from coaches, doctors to bio-chemists. Nothing is left to chance from the food they eat to the kit and apparatus they use. UK sport is dedicated to the delivery of medal success at the worlds biggest events, mainly the Olympic and paralympic games. They are set to invest  £10 million in the next four years in gymnastics to help gymnasts get the best coaching, kit and equipment available. (UK sport) Plans for success After winning 5 medals at the European artistic championships, British gymnastics plans to step up things for success at London 2012, by further developing sport, science and medical services within their elite programme. Louise Fawcett will join the English Institute of sport as head of sport, science and medicine for British gymnastics, co-ordinating support services for the world class funded Olympic performance programme. Fawcett says having worked with high performance sport for many years, having the opportunities to co-ordinate support services for such an exciting Olympic sport is a great challenge. (British gymnastics Nov 2009) Summary With the 2012 Olympics round the corner, and the success of the world artistic championships, the profile of gymnastics in England will never have been so high, thousands of young gymnasts at their local clubs will be hoping that they can go on and become the next Beth Tweddle or Daniel Keating. Schools are doing there up most to ensure that everyone takes part both on a recreational and elite level. Now British gymnastics has introduced its disabled classes it means that everyone can take part. British gymnastics working alongside English gymnastics and sport England means the future of our counties gymnasts is very bright, and with the  £10 million pound being invested in our gymnasts of the next four years the chance of more medal success has never been so great.

Art history

Romanticism began in Germany and England in the early 19th century and spread throughout Europe by the 1820. The Romantic Movement was caused by the sudden social changes that occurred during the French Revolution as a revolt against Neo- classicism and its emphasis on order, harmony and balance. (Britannica Online Encyclopedia) The movement began as an artistic movement that rejected the traditional values of social structure and religion and encouraged individualism. Romantic artists valued imagination over reason and beauty.They loved nature and ere dedicated to examining personality and moods. Their paintings represented celebration of the heroic struggle of common people. Some of the well-known Romantic artists are John Constable, Thomas Cole, Francisco De Soya and Henry Fusels. (The Art World, n. D. ) Some of the characteristics of paintings of this period are their focus on heroic subjects, use of intense colors, loose brush strokes and dense texture of the painting. With the Industrial Revolution came new technology and machine power that changed the social condition.People had to move away from mom to crowded cities to find Jobs and work long hours. Romantic artists painted to get away from the cruel struggle of common people and for yearning for idealized rural pastoral life. AY. Realest: (1850- 1880) The Realist artists in France revolted against romantic ideals of distorted beauty and imagination. Realists believed in objective reality, seeking to represent the truth and accuracy of ordinary world. They wanted to show the natural truth of their subject and chose from everyday life around them, often painting images of the poor working class and displaying human misery and poverty.Paintings of realism often carried a moral or social message portraying the drudgery of everyday life. Some of the artists who represent realism period are Gustavo Courier, Jean-Francis Millet, Eduardo Meant (The Art World, n. D. ) and also American artists who studied in F rance, Thomas Skins and Henry Tanner and characterized by accurate portrayal of ordinary working people without personal bias or interpretation. Social condition that contributed to this art movement was France Revolution that began during the 1848 and lasted until 1880 which was a consequence of the industrial revolution.With the implementation of machine power, factory owners grew wealthy while the common workers labored long hours for low pay. Anger and resentment fueled strikes and revolts. AY. Analysis During the middle of the sass, Romanticism began to show signs of being extreme partly because of the fact that most art works were becoming increasingly opulent. Art lovers and enthusiasts who were accustomed to this form of art began to find it rather dull. Therefore, there was a need to introduce another form of art that was different from romanticism. People wanted to see the world in realistic point of view. Gnocchi, n. . ) This is how Realism was introduced. European nation s were engaged in wars, for example Russia had dominated Poland. People who had been crushed had a need to express a sense of patriotism and devotion to their traditions. Artists used their paintings to express the importance of their own culture. Revolution was also an element in paintings of the romantic era, but Realism focuses on practical subjects. AAA. Similarities or Differences Both movements were reactions to social conditions resulted by the industrial revolution.The industrial revolution caused the building of large factories and the wieners got wealthy while the lower working classes labored long hours for low pay. Workers' attempts to fight for better pay were often suppressed. Anger and resentment at capitalism often resulted in strikes and revolts. Romanticism and realism were two competing styles of artistic and practice. Romanticism emphasized heroic achievement and the power of the emotions whereas realism focused on individuals, work and social Justice portraying the actual living conditions of common working people, and often used gloomy color in their paintings.Romantic painting is nearly characterized by an imaginative and a dreamlike quality and strives to express feeling intense, mystical, or elusive. Realism, on the other hand, is an attempt to accurately describe human behavior and objects precisely as in real life. Babe. Explanation By deviating from earlier tradition of idealizing situation of Romantic artists' imagined beauty, the realists were attempting to capture the actual experience and struggle of common people in hope that it would spur social and economic reform. Babe. Reference to Work of Art John Constable and Jean Millet represent the difference in these two art periods.John Constable was an English painter who painted his landscape in the romantic style. â€Å"The Hay Win† is a countryside scene with romantic and dreamy features like streams and county cottages. He used luminous colors and bold thick brushwork an d focused on the qualities of light and sky rather than details of a scene. (The National Gallery, n. D. ) Jean- Franà §ois Millet was a French painter who focused on realistic things of everyday life and painted ordinary working people. In his painting â€Å"The Gleaners†, Millet displays the hard working peasants removing the last bits of the rain from a wheat field.He used dark, muted colors instead of luminous colors like Constable. There is no fanciful imagination, Just a painting of everyday life. Babe. Relation of Later Work to Earlier Work Again, the realist artists used their work to portray the actual living conditions of common people in contrast to romantic view of earlier works. John Constable's cottage scene with a tranquil stream represented the yearning nostalgia for idealized pastoral life of the lowly desperate fame's who must glean every last grains of wheat in Millet's painting. AC. Art History In not more than 300 words, write a descriptive account of Harmen Steenwyck's: Still Life: An Allegory of the Vanities of Human Life ( Illustration Book, Colour Plate 10), paying particular attention to the organisation and lighting of the composition and to the effects of tone and colour. Harmen Steenwyck illustrates an eclectic mix of objects in this fine oil painting. The objects are placed close to the picture plane, as within reach of the spectator, drawing the eye from left to right as the clustered objects increase in height. This suggests that this is the way that Steenwyck wanted the spectator to view them. His skilful use of light draws us to the principal object, the illuminated skull, bringing out the richness of its golden colour whilst depriving the hollows of the eyes to add depth. Many of the objects have spherical parts to them that again are highlighted through the use of light. Steenwyck manipulates light and shade through gradual transition to form the illusion of their roundness. Not only do these contrasts produce a striking illustrative effect but they also help to define the objects from one another. The fine brushwork picks up the finest detail, such as the leaves of the well thumbed books, the dial on the watch and the fraying rope on the urn. Harmen has organised the majority of his objects to the right side of the piece leaving the left feeling rather vacant, with our attention drawn to the pearlescent shell that stands almost solitary. The painting depicts objects of grandeur, inducing the idea of wealth and travelling through such choice objects as the Japanese sword, Grecian style urn and the shell, those these are overshadowed by the objects with the most emotional quality, the skull and the waning lamp symbolising death and the frailty of life. The skull seems out of place sharing a table with such other splendid objects, leaving the spectator questioning the choices Steenwyck has made, perhaps these symbols of death serve as a warning to those who seek happiness in the â€Å"Vanities of Human Life†. TMA 02 Part 2 Literature Read also History Quizzes Read John Keat's Sonnet, â€Å"When I have fears that I may cease to be† ( resource book 1, A39). In not more than 300 words, write an analysis of the sonnet basing your response on the questions below. 1. Comment on the use of repetition. (e.g. â€Å"when†, â€Å"before†, â€Å"never†.) 2. What is the relationship between the octave and the sestet? 3. What part do the different rhymes, including the final couplet, play in conveying the meaning of the sonnet? Keats begins by setting the tone for the sonnet, â€Å"When I have fears†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , indicating the major theme that is to run throughout. In the first two quatrains he writes about the fear of dying young, fearing he will not have the time he needs to fulfil himself as a writer and the third quatrain fearing that he will lose his beloved. Farming metaphors, â€Å"rich garners the full-ripen'd grain†, emphasize how he sees his imagination and creativity, like a fertile field waiting to be sown, with the alliteration in garners and grain highlighting this further. Keat's emotive language draws attention to his love poetry, â€Å"before my pen has gleaned my teaming brain†, believing the world to be full of material he can create countless poetry from, devoting more lines to his love of verse than his beloved. Enchanting imagery illustrates his philosophy on love, â€Å"faery power† a mystical and supernatural force that he has no control over. Alongside this immense fear of death, is the concern with time, the repetition of â€Å"When I† beginning both quatrains of the octave and introducing the sestet, stresses Keats preoccupation with time and the fear of it consuming him. This sense of time running out is emphasized through the enjambment in the third quatrain; the final line runs into the closing couplet, urging the reader on. The rhyming scheme, abab cdcd gg, helps to intensify the poems train of thought and has great effect in the closing couplet as Keats resolves his fears by declaring the triviality of love and fame, â€Å"love and fame to nothingness do sink.† The octave and the sestet share the continuity of rhyme, and underlying theme of death, though there is a clear change in the range of emotions as the sonnet develops. The octave concentrates on the emotions of confusion and fear whilst the sestet focuses on the fear of loving and being loved until reaching a feeling of acceptance over his fears. TMA 02 Part 3 Music For this part of the TMA you will need to listen to Track 10 on the TMA CD. You will hear the â€Å"First Tableau: The Shrovetide Fair† from Petrushka by Stravinsky. Listen to the track a few times and then answer the question below in up to 300 words on continuous prose. How does Stravinsky combine the elements of music, introduced to you in Unit 3, to establish the atmosphere of the fair? Stravinsky begins the piece with a high-pitched flourish of woodwind instruments, such as the flute and clarinet and is then accompanied by the strings which increase in volume to meet with a fanfare of trumpets, it sounds like the fair is opening. Rhythm plays a key role throughout the entirety of the piece, fluctuating sounds are created as the fluttering of the woodwind section meet with the loud sharp sounds of the strings. Stravinsky manipulates this rapidly changing rhythm to establish the excitement and commotion of the fair. The choice of instruments, and concentration on certain sections of the orchestra in particular parts adds colour to the piece, perhaps representative of the colours and vibrant images of the fair. In the same way, the fullness of the orchestra may relate to the busy crowds at the fair and at the same time sounds very grand. Full use is made of the orchestra, to create great noise and effect, where the strings are concentrated on, the music is very grand and striking; whereas the effect the woodwind has on the piece is fleeting and soft. The gradual change in tempo is marked by drum rolls which introduces adagio and accelerando, the timbre of the drum is loud and echoes briefly creating the feeling of suspense at the fair. Each movement brings its own highlight, from the strong trumpet blasts to the precise beats of the triangle, which accompanies the softer woodwind section at the end of the piece. The atmosphere of the fair is lively and upbeat as Stravinsky ends his â€Å"First Tableau†, he employs a melody of sounds that are reminiscent of Russian dance and manages to shift effortlessly from establishing excitement, commotion and suspense throughout the piece to this buoyant finale. TMA02 Part 4 Philosophy Answer these questions in not more than 300 words in total. 1. Here are some claims. If possible, give a sound argument for each claim. Where this is not possible, give a valid argument anyway. Do indicate those cases where you believe your argument is sound. A.) The Queen is a mother B.) The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain C.) The earth is flat. D.) Eating people is wrong. E.) Oranges are not the only fruit. All women who give birth are mothers. The Queen has given birth. The Queen is a mother. Rain clouds can only form over plains. It rains in Spain. The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain. People cannot walk any other surface than horizontal. People walk the earth. The earth is flat. Eating people is illegal. If something is illegal, it is wrong. Eating people is wrong. Every morning I eat fruit. I never eat oranges. Oranges are not the only fruit. Arguments A and E are both sound arguments, as the premises for both are al true, and it follows that if the premises to an argument are true then the conclusion must be true. Arguments B and C fail at being sound arguments as the information used can be disproved. Argument D is not sound, as in some countries and within some cultures cannibalism is legal. 2. Give an example of an inductive argument, and explain why it is not deductive. I've owned lots of cars. All the cars I've owned have had four wheels. All cars have four wheels. This argument cannot be deductive because it is based purely on assumption. I'm assuming that all cars have four wheels because I've only owned cars with four wheels; however the volume of cars I've owned is minute in comparison to the variety of models and makes. Therefore, I cannot presuppose that every car follows the same rule. Art History Compare and Contrast Essay Ancient Egyptian and Ancient Aegean art are both great influences to what we call art today. Egyptian art emphasized engravings, sculptures and paintings while Aegean art emphasized sculptures, paintings and decorations. One piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Egyptian art was Sekhmet. Another piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Aegean art period is the Snake Goddess. These two beautiful artworks are alike and similar in many ways.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are alike because they are both sculptures that show signs of power. The Snake Goddess is a sign of power because she has a form-fitting outfit that exposed her breasts and a flounced skirt with many layers that covered her feet. She is holding two snakes tightly in each arm. Some researchers claimed that Minoans worshipped the Snake Goddess as â€Å"Mother Goddess†. In Aegean culture they believed snakes were good and that they showed a sign of water.This also indicated f ertility, health and wealth. She also had a panther on top of her head, which shows that she is in touch with nature and that was a sign of power as well. Not only is she in touch with nature but her elaborate headdress and extravagant outfit shows wealth. Sekhmet also shows many signs of power. Her name is derived from the Egyptian word â€Å"Sekhem† (which means â€Å"power† or â€Å"might†) and is often translated as the â€Å"Powerful One† This ancient Egyptian goddess Sekhmet is known as the Eye of Ra.She is the power that protects the good and gets rid of the wicked. Sekhmet is the wrathful form of Hathor who is the Goddess of joy, music, dance, sexual love, pregnancy and birth. She is also Goddess of the sun and one of her powers is intense blinding heat. Her weapons were arrows, which were supposed to pierce hearts. Also Sekhmet would get a fiery glow from her body when she got upset and hot desert winds came from her breath. She was also a goddes s of healing. When people became ill, she was capable of healing them with her powers.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are also very different in many ways. One way they are different is the rolls of women in their time period. Egyptians and Aegean people both believed that women held power but they weren’t similar. For example in Aegean time women were a powerful symbol of fertility and having a connection with the earth and animals easily fits in with what they worshipped. On the other hand, Sekhmet showed a different view on women. The woman's body that was Sekhmet carried was for birth and new life.The head of the lioness that was Sekhmet showed a sign of destruction, danger and death and reflected the steady and piercing gaze of the hunter that she is. Sekhmet also represents the presence of good and evil, creation and destruction and the ability and willingness to nurture and protect life, and the ability to take it away in a blink of an eye. Not only are their rolls in so ciety different but how the pieces of arts were worshipped also contrasted. The Snake Goddess was used to show rebirth, resurrection or renewal of life.They believed this because the snake was a sign of power and symbolized the purification by water in the funeral cult, so the snake became a protector of the pharaohs in their death. On the other hand, Sekhmet was worshipped Sekhmet was worshiped throughout Egypt, particularly wherever a wadi opened out at the desert edges. This is the type of terrain that lions are often found. Many of them came to the desert to be able to drink and to prey upon cattle in that area. Art History Compare and Contrast Essay Ancient Egyptian and Ancient Aegean art are both great influences to what we call art today. Egyptian art emphasized engravings, sculptures and paintings while Aegean art emphasized sculptures, paintings and decorations. One piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Egyptian art was Sekhmet. Another piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Aegean art period is the Snake Goddess. These two beautiful artworks are alike and similar in many ways.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are alike because they are both sculptures that show signs of power. The Snake Goddess is a sign of power because she has a form-fitting outfit that exposed her breasts and a flounced skirt with many layers that covered her feet. She is holding two snakes tightly in each arm. Some researchers claimed that Minoans worshipped the Snake Goddess as â€Å"Mother Goddess†. In Aegean culture they believed snakes were good and that they showed a sign of water.This also indicated f ertility, health and wealth. She also had a panther on top of her head, which shows that she is in touch with nature and that was a sign of power as well. Not only is she in touch with nature but her elaborate headdress and extravagant outfit shows wealth. Sekhmet also shows many signs of power. Her name is derived from the Egyptian word â€Å"Sekhem† (which means â€Å"power† or â€Å"might†) and is often translated as the â€Å"Powerful One† This ancient Egyptian goddess Sekhmet is known as the Eye of Ra.She is the power that protects the good and gets rid of the wicked. Sekhmet is the wrathful form of Hathor who is the Goddess of joy, music, dance, sexual love, pregnancy and birth. She is also Goddess of the sun and one of her powers is intense blinding heat. Her weapons were arrows, which were supposed to pierce hearts. Also Sekhmet would get a fiery glow from her body when she got upset and hot desert winds came from her breath. She was also a goddes s of healing. When people became ill, she was capable of healing them with her powers.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are also very different in many ways. One way they are different is the rolls of women in their time period. Egyptians and Aegean people both believed that women held power but they weren’t similar. For example in Aegean time women were a powerful symbol of fertility and having a connection with the earth and animals easily fits in with what they worshipped. On the other hand, Sekhmet showed a different view on women. The woman's body that was Sekhmet carried was for birth and new life.The head of the lioness that was Sekhmet showed a sign of destruction, danger and death and reflected the steady and piercing gaze of the hunter that she is. Sekhmet also represents the presence of good and evil, creation and destruction and the ability and willingness to nurture and protect life, and the ability to take it away in a blink of an eye. Not only are their rolls in so ciety different but how the pieces of arts were worshipped also contrasted. The Snake Goddess was used to show rebirth, resurrection or renewal of life.They believed this because the snake was a sign of power and symbolized the purification by water in the funeral cult, so the snake became a protector of the pharaohs in their death. On the other hand, Sekhmet was worshipped Sekhmet was worshiped throughout Egypt, particularly wherever a wadi opened out at the desert edges. This is the type of terrain that lions are often found. Many of them came to the desert to be able to drink and to prey upon cattle in that area. Art history Romanticism began in Germany and England in the early 19th century and spread throughout Europe by the 1820. The Romantic Movement was caused by the sudden social changes that occurred during the French Revolution as a revolt against Neo- classicism and its emphasis on order, harmony and balance. (Britannica Online Encyclopedia) The movement began as an artistic movement that rejected the traditional values of social structure and religion and encouraged individualism. Romantic artists valued imagination over reason and beauty.They loved nature and ere dedicated to examining personality and moods. Their paintings represented celebration of the heroic struggle of common people. Some of the well-known Romantic artists are John Constable, Thomas Cole, Francisco De Soya and Henry Fusels. (The Art World, n. D. ) Some of the characteristics of paintings of this period are their focus on heroic subjects, use of intense colors, loose brush strokes and dense texture of the painting. With the Industrial Revolution came new technology and machine power that changed the social condition.People had to move away from mom to crowded cities to find Jobs and work long hours. Romantic artists painted to get away from the cruel struggle of common people and for yearning for idealized rural pastoral life. AY. Realest: (1850- 1880) The Realist artists in France revolted against romantic ideals of distorted beauty and imagination. Realists believed in objective reality, seeking to represent the truth and accuracy of ordinary world. They wanted to show the natural truth of their subject and chose from everyday life around them, often painting images of the poor working class and displaying human misery and poverty.Paintings of realism often carried a moral or social message portraying the drudgery of everyday life. Some of the artists who represent realism period are Gustavo Courier, Jean-Francis Millet, Eduardo Meant (The Art World, n. D. ) and also American artists who studied in F rance, Thomas Skins and Henry Tanner and characterized by accurate portrayal of ordinary working people without personal bias or interpretation. Social condition that contributed to this art movement was France Revolution that began during the 1848 and lasted until 1880 which was a consequence of the industrial revolution.With the implementation of machine power, factory owners grew wealthy while the common workers labored long hours for low pay. Anger and resentment fueled strikes and revolts. AY. Analysis During the middle of the sass, Romanticism began to show signs of being extreme partly because of the fact that most art works were becoming increasingly opulent. Art lovers and enthusiasts who were accustomed to this form of art began to find it rather dull. Therefore, there was a need to introduce another form of art that was different from romanticism. People wanted to see the world in realistic point of view. Gnocchi, n. . ) This is how Realism was introduced. European nation s were engaged in wars, for example Russia had dominated Poland. People who had been crushed had a need to express a sense of patriotism and devotion to their traditions. Artists used their paintings to express the importance of their own culture. Revolution was also an element in paintings of the romantic era, but Realism focuses on practical subjects. AAA. Similarities or Differences Both movements were reactions to social conditions resulted by the industrial revolution.The industrial revolution caused the building of large factories and the wieners got wealthy while the lower working classes labored long hours for low pay. Workers' attempts to fight for better pay were often suppressed. Anger and resentment at capitalism often resulted in strikes and revolts. Romanticism and realism were two competing styles of artistic and practice. Romanticism emphasized heroic achievement and the power of the emotions whereas realism focused on individuals, work and social Justice portraying the actual living conditions of common working people, and often used gloomy color in their paintings.Romantic painting is nearly characterized by an imaginative and a dreamlike quality and strives to express feeling intense, mystical, or elusive. Realism, on the other hand, is an attempt to accurately describe human behavior and objects precisely as in real life. Babe. Explanation By deviating from earlier tradition of idealizing situation of Romantic artists' imagined beauty, the realists were attempting to capture the actual experience and struggle of common people in hope that it would spur social and economic reform. Babe. Reference to Work of Art John Constable and Jean Millet represent the difference in these two art periods.John Constable was an English painter who painted his landscape in the romantic style. â€Å"The Hay Win† is a countryside scene with romantic and dreamy features like streams and county cottages. He used luminous colors and bold thick brushwork an d focused on the qualities of light and sky rather than details of a scene. (The National Gallery, n. D. ) Jean- Franà §ois Millet was a French painter who focused on realistic things of everyday life and painted ordinary working people. In his painting â€Å"The Gleaners†, Millet displays the hard working peasants removing the last bits of the rain from a wheat field.He used dark, muted colors instead of luminous colors like Constable. There is no fanciful imagination, Just a painting of everyday life. Babe. Relation of Later Work to Earlier Work Again, the realist artists used their work to portray the actual living conditions of common people in contrast to romantic view of earlier works. John Constable's cottage scene with a tranquil stream represented the yearning nostalgia for idealized pastoral life of the lowly desperate fame's who must glean every last grains of wheat in Millet's painting. AC. Art History In not more than 300 words, write a descriptive account of Harmen Steenwyck's: Still Life: An Allegory of the Vanities of Human Life ( Illustration Book, Colour Plate 10), paying particular attention to the organisation and lighting of the composition and to the effects of tone and colour. Harmen Steenwyck illustrates an eclectic mix of objects in this fine oil painting. The objects are placed close to the picture plane, as within reach of the spectator, drawing the eye from left to right as the clustered objects increase in height. This suggests that this is the way that Steenwyck wanted the spectator to view them. His skilful use of light draws us to the principal object, the illuminated skull, bringing out the richness of its golden colour whilst depriving the hollows of the eyes to add depth. Many of the objects have spherical parts to them that again are highlighted through the use of light. Steenwyck manipulates light and shade through gradual transition to form the illusion of their roundness. Not only do these contrasts produce a striking illustrative effect but they also help to define the objects from one another. The fine brushwork picks up the finest detail, such as the leaves of the well thumbed books, the dial on the watch and the fraying rope on the urn. Harmen has organised the majority of his objects to the right side of the piece leaving the left feeling rather vacant, with our attention drawn to the pearlescent shell that stands almost solitary. The painting depicts objects of grandeur, inducing the idea of wealth and travelling through such choice objects as the Japanese sword, Grecian style urn and the shell, those these are overshadowed by the objects with the most emotional quality, the skull and the waning lamp symbolising death and the frailty of life. The skull seems out of place sharing a table with such other splendid objects, leaving the spectator questioning the choices Steenwyck has made, perhaps these symbols of death serve as a warning to those who seek happiness in the â€Å"Vanities of Human Life†. TMA 02 Part 2 Literature Read also History Quizzes Read John Keat's Sonnet, â€Å"When I have fears that I may cease to be† ( resource book 1, A39). In not more than 300 words, write an analysis of the sonnet basing your response on the questions below. 1. Comment on the use of repetition. (e.g. â€Å"when†, â€Å"before†, â€Å"never†.) 2. What is the relationship between the octave and the sestet? 3. What part do the different rhymes, including the final couplet, play in conveying the meaning of the sonnet? Keats begins by setting the tone for the sonnet, â€Å"When I have fears†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , indicating the major theme that is to run throughout. In the first two quatrains he writes about the fear of dying young, fearing he will not have the time he needs to fulfil himself as a writer and the third quatrain fearing that he will lose his beloved. Farming metaphors, â€Å"rich garners the full-ripen'd grain†, emphasize how he sees his imagination and creativity, like a fertile field waiting to be sown, with the alliteration in garners and grain highlighting this further. Keat's emotive language draws attention to his love poetry, â€Å"before my pen has gleaned my teaming brain†, believing the world to be full of material he can create countless poetry from, devoting more lines to his love of verse than his beloved. Enchanting imagery illustrates his philosophy on love, â€Å"faery power† a mystical and supernatural force that he has no control over. Alongside this immense fear of death, is the concern with time, the repetition of â€Å"When I† beginning both quatrains of the octave and introducing the sestet, stresses Keats preoccupation with time and the fear of it consuming him. This sense of time running out is emphasized through the enjambment in the third quatrain; the final line runs into the closing couplet, urging the reader on. The rhyming scheme, abab cdcd gg, helps to intensify the poems train of thought and has great effect in the closing couplet as Keats resolves his fears by declaring the triviality of love and fame, â€Å"love and fame to nothingness do sink.† The octave and the sestet share the continuity of rhyme, and underlying theme of death, though there is a clear change in the range of emotions as the sonnet develops. The octave concentrates on the emotions of confusion and fear whilst the sestet focuses on the fear of loving and being loved until reaching a feeling of acceptance over his fears. TMA 02 Part 3 Music For this part of the TMA you will need to listen to Track 10 on the TMA CD. You will hear the â€Å"First Tableau: The Shrovetide Fair† from Petrushka by Stravinsky. Listen to the track a few times and then answer the question below in up to 300 words on continuous prose. How does Stravinsky combine the elements of music, introduced to you in Unit 3, to establish the atmosphere of the fair? Stravinsky begins the piece with a high-pitched flourish of woodwind instruments, such as the flute and clarinet and is then accompanied by the strings which increase in volume to meet with a fanfare of trumpets, it sounds like the fair is opening. Rhythm plays a key role throughout the entirety of the piece, fluctuating sounds are created as the fluttering of the woodwind section meet with the loud sharp sounds of the strings. Stravinsky manipulates this rapidly changing rhythm to establish the excitement and commotion of the fair. The choice of instruments, and concentration on certain sections of the orchestra in particular parts adds colour to the piece, perhaps representative of the colours and vibrant images of the fair. In the same way, the fullness of the orchestra may relate to the busy crowds at the fair and at the same time sounds very grand. Full use is made of the orchestra, to create great noise and effect, where the strings are concentrated on, the music is very grand and striking; whereas the effect the woodwind has on the piece is fleeting and soft. The gradual change in tempo is marked by drum rolls which introduces adagio and accelerando, the timbre of the drum is loud and echoes briefly creating the feeling of suspense at the fair. Each movement brings its own highlight, from the strong trumpet blasts to the precise beats of the triangle, which accompanies the softer woodwind section at the end of the piece. The atmosphere of the fair is lively and upbeat as Stravinsky ends his â€Å"First Tableau†, he employs a melody of sounds that are reminiscent of Russian dance and manages to shift effortlessly from establishing excitement, commotion and suspense throughout the piece to this buoyant finale. TMA02 Part 4 Philosophy Answer these questions in not more than 300 words in total. 1. Here are some claims. If possible, give a sound argument for each claim. Where this is not possible, give a valid argument anyway. Do indicate those cases where you believe your argument is sound. A.) The Queen is a mother B.) The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain C.) The earth is flat. D.) Eating people is wrong. E.) Oranges are not the only fruit. All women who give birth are mothers. The Queen has given birth. The Queen is a mother. Rain clouds can only form over plains. It rains in Spain. The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plain. People cannot walk any other surface than horizontal. People walk the earth. The earth is flat. Eating people is illegal. If something is illegal, it is wrong. Eating people is wrong. Every morning I eat fruit. I never eat oranges. Oranges are not the only fruit. Arguments A and E are both sound arguments, as the premises for both are al true, and it follows that if the premises to an argument are true then the conclusion must be true. Arguments B and C fail at being sound arguments as the information used can be disproved. Argument D is not sound, as in some countries and within some cultures cannibalism is legal. 2. Give an example of an inductive argument, and explain why it is not deductive. I've owned lots of cars. All the cars I've owned have had four wheels. All cars have four wheels. This argument cannot be deductive because it is based purely on assumption. I'm assuming that all cars have four wheels because I've only owned cars with four wheels; however the volume of cars I've owned is minute in comparison to the variety of models and makes. Therefore, I cannot presuppose that every car follows the same rule. Art History Compare and Contrast Essay Ancient Egyptian and Ancient Aegean art are both great influences to what we call art today. Egyptian art emphasized engravings, sculptures and paintings while Aegean art emphasized sculptures, paintings and decorations. One piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Egyptian art was Sekhmet. Another piece I chose to compare and contrast from the Aegean art period is the Snake Goddess. These two beautiful artworks are alike and similar in many ways.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are alike because they are both sculptures that show signs of power. The Snake Goddess is a sign of power because she has a form-fitting outfit that exposed her breasts and a flounced skirt with many layers that covered her feet. She is holding two snakes tightly in each arm. Some researchers claimed that Minoans worshipped the Snake Goddess as â€Å"Mother Goddess†. In Aegean culture they believed snakes were good and that they showed a sign of water.This also indicated f ertility, health and wealth. She also had a panther on top of her head, which shows that she is in touch with nature and that was a sign of power as well. Not only is she in touch with nature but her elaborate headdress and extravagant outfit shows wealth. Sekhmet also shows many signs of power. Her name is derived from the Egyptian word â€Å"Sekhem† (which means â€Å"power† or â€Å"might†) and is often translated as the â€Å"Powerful One† This ancient Egyptian goddess Sekhmet is known as the Eye of Ra.She is the power that protects the good and gets rid of the wicked. Sekhmet is the wrathful form of Hathor who is the Goddess of joy, music, dance, sexual love, pregnancy and birth. She is also Goddess of the sun and one of her powers is intense blinding heat. Her weapons were arrows, which were supposed to pierce hearts. Also Sekhmet would get a fiery glow from her body when she got upset and hot desert winds came from her breath. She was also a goddes s of healing. When people became ill, she was capable of healing them with her powers.The Snake Goddess and Sekhmet are also very different in many ways. One way they are different is the rolls of women in their time period. Egyptians and Aegean people both believed that women held power but they weren’t similar. For example in Aegean time women were a powerful symbol of fertility and having a connection with the earth and animals easily fits in with what they worshipped. On the other hand, Sekhmet showed a different view on women. The woman's body that was Sekhmet carried was for birth and new life.The head of the lioness that was Sekhmet showed a sign of destruction, danger and death and reflected the steady and piercing gaze of the hunter that she is. Sekhmet also represents the presence of good and evil, creation and destruction and the ability and willingness to nurture and protect life, and the ability to take it away in a blink of an eye. Not only are their rolls in so ciety different but how the pieces of arts were worshipped also contrasted. The Snake Goddess was used to show rebirth, resurrection or renewal of life.They believed this because the snake was a sign of power and symbolized the purification by water in the funeral cult, so the snake became a protector of the pharaohs in their death. On the other hand, Sekhmet was worshipped Sekhmet was worshiped throughout Egypt, particularly wherever a wadi opened out at the desert edges. This is the type of terrain that lions are often found. Many of them came to the desert to be able to drink and to prey upon cattle in that area.

Antigone - the Use of the Classical Tragedy Concept of...

In Sophocles Antigone, it is evident that the author incorporated the concepts used in classical tragedies in relation to the downfall of the heroine, Antigone. These factors being; hamartia, hubris, and fate clearly demonstrate how Antigone providing a proper burial for Polynices put her against Creon and her provocation against his power. Throughout the play there are various instances where Antigone displays such factors and ultimately they contribute, to a great extent, her demise. The use of the classical tragedy concept of hamartia is largely demonstrated through the character of Antigone. In the play, Antigone s brothers Polyneices and Eteocles begin a struggle for power against one another. Their father, Oedipus, was†¦show more content†¦It was fate that at some point this curse would by some means affect Antigone. At the beginning of the play while talking with her sister, Antigone herself states both her motivation to bury her brother and her fate. Â…whose disobeys in aught, his doom is death by stoning before all the folk. Thou knowest it now; and thou wilt soon show whether thou wilt soon show whether thou art nobly bred, or the base daughter of a noble-line. (Antigone, p.3). Antigone would rather follow the divine law and die than to live by Creon s law and suffer internally knowing that she left her brother unburied. It was fate that Antigone would die if she buried her brother but she never once regretted it. To an extent fate played a si gnificant role in her demise considering that she could not tamper with it since it was her destiny. Through the use of hamartia, hubris, and fate, all devices of the tragic mode, Sophocles created an excellent play. The use of the devices proves that the three factors played a significant role in the downfall of the tragic heroine. He employed these devices through the use of the protagonist, Antigone which created an emotional and dramatic play for the audience. While reflecting on the play, one would question if it was it noble of Antigone to follow divine law, or if she should have obeyed Creon sShow MoreRelatedHistory of Theatre Lesson Notes Essay5401 Words   |  22 Pagesunderstanding of its relationships to the powers that govern its well-being and its own interrelationships (include elements that entertain and give pleasure). Much that is found in ritual, also in theatre (must be actors/directors, both use performing and viewing areas, may use same elements but the distinction between them ultimately depends on their functions). Explain the most significant theories of the origins of theatre: most widely known theory is championed by anthropologists in the late 19th and

The Nuclear Theory Of The Atomic Theory Essay - 2134 Words

The Atomic Theory’s Scientist are Mostly German Thomas Britton Kate Caufield New Albany Mr. Mumaw’s 6th Period Chemistry Abstract The atomic theory has been worked on since around 400 BC. It is a theory that helps us to understand what everything in the universe is made of and what those particles are made of. It also helps us to describe the relationship between the sub-particles and how they may contribute to different aspects of the atom, like it s mass or charge. These atoms then go on to make up the elements on the periodic table which are combined in many different ways to form everything we can and can t see. Many great minds have contributed to the formation of the atomic theory over the years. Some scientist are more well known for work they did before or after their contribution, or are just more well known than others, but they all still assisted in the formation of the theory along the way. Some of these men include, Albert Einstein, JJ Thomson, and Erwin Schrodinger, who were very instrumental in progressing the way we look at the world today. The atomic theory is a theory that has been worked on since 400 bc. For a while the theory was left untouched by the scientific community until 1803 when John Dalton stoked the fire of scientific discovery, with his clarification of elements and compounds being two different combinations of atoms. The theory was then untouched for 83 years when E. Goldstein revamped the scientific community’sShow MoreRelatedThe Nuclear Theory Of The Atomic Theory1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe Atomic Theory The atomic theory is a fundamental scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms, which came from the Greek word atomon, meaning ‘uncuttable’. 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Invisible Man Speech - 1408 Words

In Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison the narrator recalls the dying words of his grandfather, â€Å"I want you to overcome’em with yeses, undermine’em with grins, agree’em to death and destruction, let’em swoller you till they vomit or bust wide open.† (Ellison 264) These words haunt the narrator throughout his life and especially as he gains success as a student and approval from whites. The narrator’s graduation speech about humbleness embodies some understanding of his grandfather’s words. This need to be humble wasn’t necessarily felt by the narrator, but he knew that this is what the white people wanted to hear. This speech holds resemblance to the values Booker T. Washington held, which is why it favored the whites. Washington’s methods†¦show more content†¦This honor the narrator is provided with by being invited to speak is not as prestigious as the narrator believes. What is an educational speech is no more important than the gruesome boxing match. The simple fact that this boxing match will take place prior to the speech demonstrates how this grotesque entertainment ranks higher on a white hierarchal level of importance compared to a colored man’s words. The invitation itself forces the narrator to submit to white humiliation prior to being given the right to go up on stage to speak. The narrator is grouped within a stereotypical belief of unintelligent athletic colored boys when asked to participate as the entertainment. The whites assume that because he is black he must be unintelligent, prone to violence, and capable of fighting. When the narrator observes the drunken town leaders it becomes clear that these individuals do not take him seriously. Throughout the â€Å"Battle Royale the reader can feel a sort of anxiety on the part of the narrator for it all to be over. In an attempt to put an end to this degrading situation he tries to pretend, â€Å"I lay prone, pretendin g that I was knocked out, but felt myself seized by hands and yanked to my feet. â€Å"Get going, black boy! Mix it up!† My arms were like lead, my head smarting from blows.† (Ellison 268) This sceneShow MoreRelatedSpeech and Rhetoric in Invisible Man1066 Words   |  5 PagesOratory and Rhetoric in Invisible Man Many fall victim to the influence of powerful speech—throughout history, public speakers have used oration and rhetoric to manipulate their listeners. Public speaking is an art, as it is often practiced and rehearsed. Politicians, for example, consciously employ the art of oration in hopes of gaining support, sometimes abandoning their own beliefs in order to cater to the audiences’. Similarly, the Invisible Man, in the Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, livesRead MoreThe Narrator As An Invisible Man1305 Words   |  6 Pageshimself to the reader as an invisible man. 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Peer Pressure, A Silent Destroyer Free Essays

When people make an assessment of a teaching institution, the usual statistics will show its population size, its average success rate relative to the next high school or next university, and matters relate d to funding and facility. It is due to this that a main problem which I believe has an actual direct effect on the teaching learning capability institution is missed out on. This problem would mean great impact on the learning curve and capacity of the student to focus and maximize the facilities given by the institution no matter how good they may be. We will write a custom essay sample on Peer Pressure, A Silent Destroyer or any similar topic only for you Order Now In common terms, we call it peer pressure. I believe in fact that it is because this is so common an experience that people may downplay its actual effect on a student or turn a blind eye to what it can do. In my own experience through earlier years I stood witness to this. It could be something as simple as people being pushed around in the hallway because their growth spurt was late and they were shorter than everyone else. Or, people being teased because their pants were too short or their clothes didn’t match. These issues seem childish and light, however considering the emotional makeup of a growing child or adolescent at this point, these can birth insecurities that scar one’s capacity to bloom later on. Are these incidents common? Absolutely. In fact, it is because they are common that they are missed out on. Schools will focus on building a new gym, or increasing the number of books to be read, or fine tuning the arithmetic and language curriculum. Now, don’t get me wrong. These things are very important in the quality of the individual. However, the school’s output is only one side of the coin. The other side lies in a student’s capability to absorb and focus on the lesson at hand. How can a young individual give his or her best output into utilizing these tools, if he knows that once he steps of the classroom, the bullies will be pushing him against the locker, or the popular girls just might make fun of her again? Call it a seeming minor detail, but to a student in the growing year, â€Å"fitting in† and â€Å"belonging† can mean everything and certainly much more than a high grade. In my own school environment, my experience was the same. Friends of mine were subject to the similar treatment. It was hard to look at, but then, the feeling at the time was that there was nothing anyone could do about it. I can only imagine how much better they would have done in school if they didn’t have to worry about these things. I’ve seen these things happen in my own world with my own eyes. I’m sure others have as well. In the newspaper or nighttime updates, every now and then we hear stories about a new student killed by fraternity hazing, or a student with a gun in school. The common reaction would be to turn away and say, â€Å"oh that wouldn’t happen in my school. † Or â€Å"gosh, it so dangerous, but good thing it’s not in the area of my kids†. Really, would that be the same mindset of the parents and students who actually were part of the school community where the event occurred? Looking at online forums on peer pressure, various responses of how the youth today is affected are expressed, particularly the girls. Heavy alcohol drinking, smoking, taking drugs and underage sexual activity are now very widespread in the youth whether or not we agree to believe it, simply because of this desire to be accepted. Conversations among them lie more on what the next person has done or not done, rather than on planning for the future. Many of them will be at parties getting drunk where it is played off as cool. Smoking and drug use are rampant as well. Even the pressure of having sex has grown over years, despite the media’s exposed risk of unwanted pregnancies or STD’s. Friends say it is â€Å"no big deal† and talk about it as if it was just sipping a cup of tea, and a requirement to be â€Å"normal†. So many of these issues circle the mind of a student, remain unaddressed, and cloud the student’s mind from focusing on what should be the priority at the time. It is true that school facilities are important, however equally needed, is helping the students of today actually focus on using the school to create more of a future for themselves. The question remains though on how this problem can be addressed. True, it will not be an easy task, but if at all an attempt can be made to give students guidance and support during these hears of change, then at least some of them can be given the motivation to go against the grain and not succumb to the whims of peer pressure. Friends are diaries to which we can share and unburden all of our secrets and emotions into. They can be wise and a strong pillar of strength, while at the same time can be sources of wrong influence. If a school can create a positive working environment and encourage right experiences and friendships, this would be a tool to help. Family is another factor. For some who have good relationships with family, allowing interaction with them can provide the child to open up and reach out. For those whose families become unbearable, then it basically remains in letting the student have someone to talk to, chat with and trust, and ensuring such person is one who is understanding and capable of meeting the child at his level, whether it be a counselor, coach or friend. The problem does not lie on morals or lessons as these which are instilled in us in earlier youth remain there. The problem is that these very principles that we have prided ourselves in and held on to no longer empower us, as they are overshadowed by the need to ‘fit in’. And as this need grows, then our mind is pushed away from focusing on what matter at the time, namely, studies and improvement of one’s skills for the future. I am thankful that somehow I made it through those years and continually make the effort to grow. My only hope is that children of the future can be given more support, that they may surpass these obstacles with more grace than many of my friends did, and focus earlier on working on their goals and dreams for their future. How to cite Peer Pressure, A Silent Destroyer, Papers

Reputation Management Plan For Toyota Motor - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theReputation Management Plan For Toyota Motor Corporation. Answer: Background This paper assesses the pertinence of hypothesis for understanding the procedures taken up by Toyota to beat the emergency. The idea of corporate reputation was seen to be of fringe worry to senior administration in the not very far from past. Regularly, it was viewed as the region of the advertising division and plan experts. Today, be that as it may, an expanding number of canny officials remember them as basic corporate resources specifically connected to focused achievement. As of late, building a decent corporate reputation is progressively on the firms' plans since the connection amongst reputation, and a supported upper hand is broadly recognized in writing. Research into factors influencing corporate achievement demonstrates a developing enthusiasm for impalpable resources. Alfonso et al., (2010), for example, records the reputation of items and friends as one of the impalpable assets of any firm and he found that CEOs reliably positioned corporate reputation as the most esse ntial key elusive asset (Jagersma, 2010). Situation Analysis The case of the Toyota Recall Crisis in 2010 has been examined in the paper to light up the utilization of the hypotheses amid the emergency. Toyota has not been a leader when comes to emergency and dependably had a "decent" reputation. The experience an organization provides for its clients and different partners is the impression of the organization, which at last makes it conspicuous and emerge. Nevertheless, Toyota encountered a noteworthy life costing emergency, i.e., the quickening agent pedal emergency in 2009, which caused numerous mishaps in the US and consequently Toyota was reprimanded. Toyota rose up out of it rather effectively, and as of late, it has again increased best deals in the auto worldwide industry. The emergency correspondence considers been considered and has been mentioned about the firm and what effect it had Toyota's picture/reputation. A subjective investigation of talk examination has been attempted, which includes the appraisal of seven public statements by Toyota to find principle topics that rose in the talk utilized as a part of the announcements. In a nutshell, this investigation offers the consequences of talk that Toyota did in its correspondence amid the emergency. Definition of Reputation According to the Oxford Dictionary reputation can be defined as the appraisal upheld by the society of an individual, corporation or anything. Reputation signals publics about how a firm's items, occupations, techniques, and prospects contrasted with those of contending firms. The part of reputation is ending up progressively vital in progressively aggressive markets. A developing assortment of writing has been worried about the organizational reputation as a significant asset and its relationship with monetary execution. Ansgar Diana (2011) agree that corporate reputation is characterized as a perceptual portrayal of an organization's past activities and prospects that depicts the firm's general interest to the greater part of its key constituents when contrasted and other driving opponents. A developing collection of research contends that great corporate reputations have a vital incentive for the firms that have them. As per Aula (2010), a great reputation can prompt a few vital advantages, for example, bringing down firm costs; empowering firms to charge premium costs; pulling in candidates, speculators, and clients; expanding benefit and making focused obstructions. A positive reputation improves the probability that partners will contract with a given firm. Financial rents are earned on reputation and give proceeded with impetuses to firms to maintain and put resources into their reputation. A great part of the present work on reputation has concentrated on setting up that reputation is a significant elusive resource by demonstrating its consequences for corporate money related execution. More respectable firms can charge an excellent, which will, like this, draw in speculators. A positive reputation will draw in workers and advance lower representative turnover, enhance client mentalities, bring down a customer's apparent hazard, increment the inclination to a joint venture and make higher believability. As needs are, it might be said that reputation is then a potential wellspring of an upper hand. Not carrying on dependably or genuinely can have quick and long-haul outcomes, for example, an abatement in positive reputation may influence the future activities of different players toward a firm. For whatever length of time that the "present estimation of future salary surpasses the fleeting benefit" of unscrupulousness, firms will be straightforward and put resources into their reputations (Eyun?Jung Linda, 2012). Literature Review A developing group of research contends that great corporate reputations have key an incentive for the firms that have them. As per the asset-based perspective of the firm, the firm is a nexus of assets and abilities that are not openly purchased and sold on the spot advertising. To the degree that these firm-particular assets and capacities yield monetary advantages that can't be consummately copied through contenders' activities, they might be strong wellsprings of maintained aggressive advantage. Inside the asset-based system, firms with resources that are profitable and uncommon have the upper hand and may hope to gain predominant returns. Those whose benefits are likewise hard to emulate may accomplish managed predominant monetary execution. Parallel to this thinking, elusive resources, for example, great reputationsare basic given their potential for esteem creation, also because their impalpable character makes replication by contending firms significantly more troublesome (Bi nod and Devi, 2013). A decent reputation can prompt various key advantages. Initially, a great reputation can prompt a reduction of a firms expenses. A firm with a decent reputation may have a cost advantage because, ceteris paribus, representatives like to work for high-reputation firms, and should, in this way, work harder, or reduce compensation. In the meantime, since providers are less worried about legally binding dangers while executing with high-reputation firms, great reputations ought to likewise prompt lower contracting and checking costs. A decent reputation can build gainfulness. A decent reputation can empower firms to charge premium costs. Since reputation fills in as a flag of the basic nature of a firm's items and services, customers may pay a premium for the offerings of high-reputation firms (Aula, 2010). Jagersma (2010) agrees that a decent reputation may make aggressive obstructions. Since reputation is one of those intangibles that are amazingly difficult to mirror, it is a significant wellspring of an upper hand. A well-known enterprise can undoubtedly draw in candidates, financial specialists, and clients. It is, for the most part, contended that representatives like to work for very rumored firms. At the point when a few organizations' items or services are comparable in quality and value, clients incline to work with an organization if its corporate reputation is great. Higher client maintenance, in this way expanding repurchases and prompting higher item costs, is additionally said by Farhad Akram (2012). Finally, a great corporate reputation bolsters an organization during contention. With a specific end goal to inspect corporate reputation, it is essential to incorporate a dialog of two related builds: organizational personality and organizational picture. The three ideas of corporate reputation, organizational personality, and organizational picture are for the most part confounded, and a few investigations in writing use them conversely. Character and picture are in some cases regarded as the same as reputation, a piece of reputation, or thoughtfully not quite the same as reputation. For the motivations behind this contemplate, it is important to separate between these ideas. Organizational personality has been characterized in various ways. A few specialists contend that organizational personality alludes to what defines an organization. This definition frequently incorporates the mission, vision, culture, business technique and organizational plan of the organization (Jackson, 2011). Different specialists such as Alfonso et al. (2010) characterize the organizational way of life as how an organization concentrates on the creation, articulation, and administration of unequivocal corporate esteems concerning what the organization is and what it remains for as contrasted and others, stressing the visual and stylish methods of articulation. Organizational picture, then again, has been depicted as the inside aggregate perspective that underlies its corporate correspondences endeavors to convey itself to others. Another definition expresses that organizational picture is the thing that organizational specialists need their outside partners to see most focal, persevering, and unmistakable about their organization. In particular, a partnership's picture incorporates the view of all partners, for example, providers, clients, investors, workers and the group, seeing that every partner should be tended to independently through the firm's correspondence system. The extent of Corporate Reputation from a Stakeholders viewpoint If reputation is translated as an aggregate build, the total cannot be measured using normal overview techniques. As Jagersma (2010) stresses, "reputations, which are socially shared impressions, depend on 'cooperatives,' not on heterogeneous 'accumulations' of individuals." He infers that utilizing an overview approach and haphazardly chose respondents creates information that speaks to "a kind of 'meta-reputation' a combination of an extensive gathering of individual judgments about a standard arrangement of corporate dispositions," however not the genuine condition of a firm's general reputation. The last mentioned, in the result, may be difficult to gauge. Reputation would remain an ethereal wonder to its overseers: Without conceptualization and estimation, systems to build up a firm's reputation stay indistinct and administrators deprived of any energy to manage it (Aula, 2010). It is useful to translate reputation as a perceptual marvel that can be measured by social event data from its spectator because of taking a more utilitarian position. This appears to be reasonable because reputation is accepted to prompt an assortment of constructive outcomes. Clients are relied upon to turn into more faithful and less cost cognizant, exceptionally talented employment candidates join the firm; financial specialists give capital all the more promptly. As per behavioral hypotheses, these positive behavioral impacts are activated by discernments and states of mind. Reputation should be deciphered as a perceptual, that is subjective, develop, when taken as an explanation for partners' good exercises, and this requires a study based estimation approach (McManus, 2011). Conclusions The initial segment of exchange focuses on Toyota's endeavors to manufacture client's trust in their image utilizing wellbeing and unwavering quality of their vehicles and to situate them as their fundamental worries as apparent in the decision of the words. Explanations in the official announcements such as the one given by the Chief Operating Officer of Toyota Motors stated that it is imperative that there are security and dependability of the vehicles their clients drive. Hence, the use of terms such as unwavering quality and security,' proposes that the auto manufacturer is going to improve the areas of security and reliability in the appreciation of customers to hang on to their reputation. Also, they may provoke a move on any issues they distinguish to guarantee the wellbeing of drivers, which can be viewed as an exertion by Toyota using utilization of certain watchwords. For example, 'incite activities' and guaranteeing the security of drivers in key markets who confronted the mischances with a specific end goal to repair and keep up a picture of the organization. Recommendation (Use of Traditional and Social Media) The Executive Vice President of Toyota Motor Corporation said in another public statement that he tries to make sure that the cars are safe and also strong. The declaration underlines on maintaining the security as well as dependability, in any case, the utilization of the word 'remain' indicates that the Japanese car maker is pointing to its good habit of being solid, then counterbalance the bad sentiments in the general populace as a way to maintain the reputation of Toyota. Likewise, allowing for the aim maintaining a good image, Toyota settled public reports. The cart maker appreciated diverse activities to appeal to the customers, which may be viewed as an attempt to maintain their public image. The car manufacturer should showcase their vehicles through social media to reach to Generation Y. This generation hold the keys to the future. The social media strategy in online reputation management for Toyota is to set up an alert for some specific keywords and then to act quickly (whether good or bad), be nice and pro-active on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. In the traditional media front, Toyota can establish a vibrant as well as an unswerving memorandum from the beginning. They also need to classify the main participants internally (e.g., public relations, legal, and communications) to create concise responsibilities and roles. Additionally, approve an in-house strategy, engaging outer consultants when needed. References Alfonso Siano, Philip J. Kitchen, Maria G. Confetto, 2010. Financial resources and corporate reputation: Toward common management principles for managing corporate reputation. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 15(1), pp. 68-82. Ansgar J. Thiessen Diana J. Ingenhoff, 2011. Safeguarding reputation through strategic, integrated and situational crisis communication management: Development of the integrative model of crisis communication. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 16(1), pp. 8-26. Aula, P. K., 2010. Social media, reputation risk, and ambient publicity management. Strategy Leadership, 38(6), pp. 43-49. Binod K. Shrestha and Devi R. Gnyawali, 2013. Insights on strategic management practices in Nepal. South Asian Journal of Global Business Research, 2(2), pp. 191-210. Eyun?Jung Ki, Linda C. Hon, 2012. Causal linkages among relationship quality perception, attitude, and behavior intention in a membership organization. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 17(2). Farhad A. and Akram S., 2012. Strategic management: the case of NGOs in Palestine. Management Research Review, 35(6), pp. 473-489. Jackson, C., 2011. Communication skills and accounting: do perceptions match reality?. 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Peng Wu, Lei Gao Xiao Li, 2016. Does the reputation mechanism of media coverage affect earnings management?: Evidence from China. Chinese Management Studies, 10(4), pp. 627-656. Rahdari, A., 2017. Sustainable Governance: A Sine Qua Non of the Age of Sustainability. In: D. C. . S. Seifi, ed. Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility. S.l.:Emerald Publishing Group, pp. 67-90. Rothaermel, F. T., 2013. Internal Analysis: Resources, Capabilities, and Activities. In: Strategic Management Concepts Cases. S.l. Mc-Graw Hil. Timothy Galpin, J. Lee Whittington, Greg Bell, 2015. Is your sustainability strategy sustainable? Creating a culture of sustainability. Corporate Governance, 15(1), pp. 1-17. Watkins R., Meisers M.W Visser Y., 2012. A guide to assessing Needs, Tools for collecting information, making decisions and achieving development results. Washington: World Bank Publications.